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DS Pharma Biomedical b.end5 cells
Schematic of the proposed mechanism by which interleukin (IL)-18 amplifies macrophage (Mφ) M2 polarization and its morphological alteration, leading to excessive angiogenesis. IL-18 amplifies IL-10-induced increases in the production of osteopontin (OPN) and thrombin as soluble mediators derived from Mφ, yielding the generation of thrombin-cleaved form of OPN (Thr-OPN). Subsequently, Thr-OPN binds to integrins α4/α9 receptors on Mφ, which in turn augments M2 polarization of Mφ with higher expression of CD163 and its morphological alteration. Furthermore, CD163 may be responsible for mediating the direct cell–cell interaction between these Mφs and <t>endothelial</t> cells, ultimately resulting in the excessive angiogenesis.
B.End5 Cells, supplied by DS Pharma Biomedical, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/b%2Eend5+cells/pmc05845536-33-14-20?v=DS+Pharma+Biomedical
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
b.end5 cells - by Bioz Stars, 2026-08
90/100 stars

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1) Product Images from "Interleukin-18 Amplifies Macrophage Polarization and Morphological Alteration, Leading to Excessive Angiogenesis"

Article Title: Interleukin-18 Amplifies Macrophage Polarization and Morphological Alteration, Leading to Excessive Angiogenesis

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00334

Schematic of the proposed mechanism by which interleukin (IL)-18 amplifies macrophage (Mφ) M2 polarization and its morphological alteration, leading to excessive angiogenesis. IL-18 amplifies IL-10-induced increases in the production of osteopontin (OPN) and thrombin as soluble mediators derived from Mφ, yielding the generation of thrombin-cleaved form of OPN (Thr-OPN). Subsequently, Thr-OPN binds to integrins α4/α9 receptors on Mφ, which in turn augments M2 polarization of Mφ with higher expression of CD163 and its morphological alteration. Furthermore, CD163 may be responsible for mediating the direct cell–cell interaction between these Mφs and endothelial cells, ultimately resulting in the excessive angiogenesis.
Figure Legend Snippet: Schematic of the proposed mechanism by which interleukin (IL)-18 amplifies macrophage (Mφ) M2 polarization and its morphological alteration, leading to excessive angiogenesis. IL-18 amplifies IL-10-induced increases in the production of osteopontin (OPN) and thrombin as soluble mediators derived from Mφ, yielding the generation of thrombin-cleaved form of OPN (Thr-OPN). Subsequently, Thr-OPN binds to integrins α4/α9 receptors on Mφ, which in turn augments M2 polarization of Mφ with higher expression of CD163 and its morphological alteration. Furthermore, CD163 may be responsible for mediating the direct cell–cell interaction between these Mφs and endothelial cells, ultimately resulting in the excessive angiogenesis.

Techniques Used: Derivative Assay, Expressing

Characteristic behavior of macrophages (Mφs) during angiogenesis. (A) Representative series of time-lapse images at 4 h intervals from 0 to 16 h extracted from Video S1 which shows live-cell imaging of Matrigel tube formation assay where endothelial cells (green) and Mφs [interleukin (IL)-10 + IL-18] (red) were cocultured. Scale bar represents 50 µm. (B) Higher magnification images of white rectangle region in panel (A) were reconstructed from 4 h 00 min to 7 h 00 min in Video S5 in Supplementary Material. The time elapsed after starting the movie is indicated in hours:minutes in the bottom left of each panel. White arrowheads highlight the characteristic behavior of Mφ (IL-10 + IL-18) as well as the cell–cell interaction with endothelium in respective image. Scale bar represents 10 µm.
Figure Legend Snippet: Characteristic behavior of macrophages (Mφs) during angiogenesis. (A) Representative series of time-lapse images at 4 h intervals from 0 to 16 h extracted from Video S1 which shows live-cell imaging of Matrigel tube formation assay where endothelial cells (green) and Mφs [interleukin (IL)-10 + IL-18] (red) were cocultured. Scale bar represents 50 µm. (B) Higher magnification images of white rectangle region in panel (A) were reconstructed from 4 h 00 min to 7 h 00 min in Video S5 in Supplementary Material. The time elapsed after starting the movie is indicated in hours:minutes in the bottom left of each panel. White arrowheads highlight the characteristic behavior of Mφ (IL-10 + IL-18) as well as the cell–cell interaction with endothelium in respective image. Scale bar represents 10 µm.

Techniques Used: Live Cell Imaging, Tube Formation Assay

Ultrastructural analysis of cell–cell interaction between macrophages (Mφs) [interleukin (IL)-10 + IL-18] and endothelia. SEM images were obtained at 4 h after coculture of b.End5 with Mφs (IL-10 + IL-18) on Matrigel. Lower images are magnified regions from red rectangles in the corresponding upper panels. Magnification and scale bars: (A) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; Lower, ×5.0 K, 10 µm; (B) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.0 K, 20 µm; (C) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×8.0 K, 5 µm; (D) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×3.0 K, 10 µm; (E) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×5.0 K, 10 µm; (F) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×4.0 K, 10 µm; (G) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.5 K, 20 µm; (H) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.5 K, 20 µm; (I) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×3.5 K, 10 µm; respectively. Black or white arrows indicate Mφs or endothelial cells, respectively. Red arrowheads indicate pseudopodia of Mφs interacting with endothelial cells.
Figure Legend Snippet: Ultrastructural analysis of cell–cell interaction between macrophages (Mφs) [interleukin (IL)-10 + IL-18] and endothelia. SEM images were obtained at 4 h after coculture of b.End5 with Mφs (IL-10 + IL-18) on Matrigel. Lower images are magnified regions from red rectangles in the corresponding upper panels. Magnification and scale bars: (A) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; Lower, ×5.0 K, 10 µm; (B) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.0 K, 20 µm; (C) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×8.0 K, 5 µm; (D) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×3.0 K, 10 µm; (E) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×5.0 K, 10 µm; (F) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×4.0 K, 10 µm; (G) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.5 K, 20 µm; (H) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.5 K, 20 µm; (I) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×3.5 K, 10 µm; respectively. Black or white arrows indicate Mφs or endothelial cells, respectively. Red arrowheads indicate pseudopodia of Mφs interacting with endothelial cells.

Techniques Used:



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Schematic of the proposed mechanism by which interleukin (IL)-18 amplifies macrophage (Mφ) M2 polarization and its morphological alteration, leading to excessive angiogenesis. IL-18 amplifies IL-10-induced increases in the production of osteopontin (OPN) and thrombin as soluble mediators derived from Mφ, yielding the generation of thrombin-cleaved form of OPN (Thr-OPN). Subsequently, Thr-OPN binds to integrins α4/α9 receptors on Mφ, which in turn augments M2 polarization of Mφ with higher expression of CD163 and its morphological alteration. Furthermore, CD163 may be responsible for mediating the direct cell–cell interaction between these Mφs and <t>endothelial</t> cells, ultimately resulting in the excessive angiogenesis.
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https://www.bioz.com/product/b%2Eend5+cells/pmc05845536-33-14-20?v=DS+Pharma+Biomedical
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Image Search Results


Schematic of the proposed mechanism by which interleukin (IL)-18 amplifies macrophage (Mφ) M2 polarization and its morphological alteration, leading to excessive angiogenesis. IL-18 amplifies IL-10-induced increases in the production of osteopontin (OPN) and thrombin as soluble mediators derived from Mφ, yielding the generation of thrombin-cleaved form of OPN (Thr-OPN). Subsequently, Thr-OPN binds to integrins α4/α9 receptors on Mφ, which in turn augments M2 polarization of Mφ with higher expression of CD163 and its morphological alteration. Furthermore, CD163 may be responsible for mediating the direct cell–cell interaction between these Mφs and endothelial cells, ultimately resulting in the excessive angiogenesis.

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Interleukin-18 Amplifies Macrophage Polarization and Morphological Alteration, Leading to Excessive Angiogenesis

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00334

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic of the proposed mechanism by which interleukin (IL)-18 amplifies macrophage (Mφ) M2 polarization and its morphological alteration, leading to excessive angiogenesis. IL-18 amplifies IL-10-induced increases in the production of osteopontin (OPN) and thrombin as soluble mediators derived from Mφ, yielding the generation of thrombin-cleaved form of OPN (Thr-OPN). Subsequently, Thr-OPN binds to integrins α4/α9 receptors on Mφ, which in turn augments M2 polarization of Mφ with higher expression of CD163 and its morphological alteration. Furthermore, CD163 may be responsible for mediating the direct cell–cell interaction between these Mφs and endothelial cells, ultimately resulting in the excessive angiogenesis.

Article Snippet: The mouse leukemic monocyte Mφ cell line, RAW264.7 cells (DS Pharma Biomedical), and the mouse endothelial cell line, b.End5 cells (DS Pharma Biomedical), were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 2 mM l -glutamine and 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing

Characteristic behavior of macrophages (Mφs) during angiogenesis. (A) Representative series of time-lapse images at 4 h intervals from 0 to 16 h extracted from Video S1 which shows live-cell imaging of Matrigel tube formation assay where endothelial cells (green) and Mφs [interleukin (IL)-10 + IL-18] (red) were cocultured. Scale bar represents 50 µm. (B) Higher magnification images of white rectangle region in panel (A) were reconstructed from 4 h 00 min to 7 h 00 min in Video S5 in Supplementary Material. The time elapsed after starting the movie is indicated in hours:minutes in the bottom left of each panel. White arrowheads highlight the characteristic behavior of Mφ (IL-10 + IL-18) as well as the cell–cell interaction with endothelium in respective image. Scale bar represents 10 µm.

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Interleukin-18 Amplifies Macrophage Polarization and Morphological Alteration, Leading to Excessive Angiogenesis

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00334

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characteristic behavior of macrophages (Mφs) during angiogenesis. (A) Representative series of time-lapse images at 4 h intervals from 0 to 16 h extracted from Video S1 which shows live-cell imaging of Matrigel tube formation assay where endothelial cells (green) and Mφs [interleukin (IL)-10 + IL-18] (red) were cocultured. Scale bar represents 50 µm. (B) Higher magnification images of white rectangle region in panel (A) were reconstructed from 4 h 00 min to 7 h 00 min in Video S5 in Supplementary Material. The time elapsed after starting the movie is indicated in hours:minutes in the bottom left of each panel. White arrowheads highlight the characteristic behavior of Mφ (IL-10 + IL-18) as well as the cell–cell interaction with endothelium in respective image. Scale bar represents 10 µm.

Article Snippet: The mouse leukemic monocyte Mφ cell line, RAW264.7 cells (DS Pharma Biomedical), and the mouse endothelial cell line, b.End5 cells (DS Pharma Biomedical), were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 2 mM l -glutamine and 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum.

Techniques: Live Cell Imaging, Tube Formation Assay

Ultrastructural analysis of cell–cell interaction between macrophages (Mφs) [interleukin (IL)-10 + IL-18] and endothelia. SEM images were obtained at 4 h after coculture of b.End5 with Mφs (IL-10 + IL-18) on Matrigel. Lower images are magnified regions from red rectangles in the corresponding upper panels. Magnification and scale bars: (A) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; Lower, ×5.0 K, 10 µm; (B) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.0 K, 20 µm; (C) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×8.0 K, 5 µm; (D) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×3.0 K, 10 µm; (E) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×5.0 K, 10 µm; (F) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×4.0 K, 10 µm; (G) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.5 K, 20 µm; (H) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.5 K, 20 µm; (I) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×3.5 K, 10 µm; respectively. Black or white arrows indicate Mφs or endothelial cells, respectively. Red arrowheads indicate pseudopodia of Mφs interacting with endothelial cells.

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Interleukin-18 Amplifies Macrophage Polarization and Morphological Alteration, Leading to Excessive Angiogenesis

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00334

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ultrastructural analysis of cell–cell interaction between macrophages (Mφs) [interleukin (IL)-10 + IL-18] and endothelia. SEM images were obtained at 4 h after coculture of b.End5 with Mφs (IL-10 + IL-18) on Matrigel. Lower images are magnified regions from red rectangles in the corresponding upper panels. Magnification and scale bars: (A) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; Lower, ×5.0 K, 10 µm; (B) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.0 K, 20 µm; (C) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×8.0 K, 5 µm; (D) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×3.0 K, 10 µm; (E) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×5.0 K, 10 µm; (F) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×4.0 K, 10 µm; (G) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.5 K, 20 µm; (H) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×2.5 K, 20 µm; (I) upper, ×1.0 K, 50 µm; lower, ×3.5 K, 10 µm; respectively. Black or white arrows indicate Mφs or endothelial cells, respectively. Red arrowheads indicate pseudopodia of Mφs interacting with endothelial cells.

Article Snippet: The mouse leukemic monocyte Mφ cell line, RAW264.7 cells (DS Pharma Biomedical), and the mouse endothelial cell line, b.End5 cells (DS Pharma Biomedical), were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 2 mM l -glutamine and 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum.

Techniques: